Influenza Care at Arizona Pulmonary Specialists

What is Influenza?

Influenza (flu) is a highly contagious viral infection that spreads easily during fall and winter. While most healthy individuals recover within a few days, the flu can be serious—especially for those with chronic lung conditions, heart disease, weakened immune systems, or who are pregnant. In these cases, influenza can lead to severe respiratory complications, including pneumonia.

There are multiple strains of influenza, including seasonal flu viruses and specific types such as H1N1 (swine flu). Some strains can cause more severe illness in younger individuals or pregnant women.

Symptoms of Influenza

Flu symptoms tend to develop suddenly and can feel much worse than the common cold. Common symptoms include:

• High fever and chills
• Severe muscle and body aches
• Fatigue and weakness
• Sore throat and dry cough
• Headache and nasal congestion

Unlike a cold—where symptoms are usually limited to congestion and a sore throat—the flu causes whole-body discomfort, often making people feel too sick to get out of bed.

For high-risk individuals, influenza can lead to complications such as pneumonia, worsening of chronic illnesses, and hospitalization.

Influenza Diagnosis

In most cases, a clinical evaluation and symptom history are enough to diagnose influenza. If needed, additional tests may include:

• Rapid flu tests (nasal/throat swabs) – Provide quick but sometimes inconsistent results
• Chest X-rays – Used if pneumonia or other complications are suspected
• Additional lab tests – May be necessary for high-risk patients

Early diagnosis helps determine the best course of treatment, particularly for those at risk of severe illness.

Treatment of Influenza

Our treatment approach depends on symptom severity, risk factors, and timing. Many healthy adults can manage flu symptoms at home with rest and hydration. However, patients with underlying conditions or severe symptoms may require medical intervention.

Antiviral Medications

Prescription antiviral drugs (such as Tamiflu or Xofluza) can reduce symptom duration and severity. These medications work best when taken within the first 48 hours of symptom onset. They are especially recommended for:

• Individuals with chronic lung disease (COPD, asthma, emphysema)
• People with weakened immune systems or heart disease
• Pregnant women and elderly individuals
• Hospitalized patients

Symptom Management

• Stay hydrated – Drink plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration.
• Rest – Allow your body time to recover.
• Fever and pain relief – Over-the-counter medications like acetaminophen (Tylenol) or ibuprofen (Advil) can help manage discomfort.

When to Seek Emergency Care

Seek immediate medical attention if you experience:

• Difficulty breathing or shortness of breath
• Chest pain or persistent pressure
• Confusion or dizziness
• Severe weakness
• Inability to stay hydrated

High-risk patients with worsening symptoms may require hospitalization for oxygen therapy, IV fluids, or additional treatments.

Preventing Influenza

The best defense against the flu is vaccination. An annual flu shot helps prevent infection and reduces the severity of illness if you do get sick. Other preventive measures include:

• Frequent handwashing to prevent virus spread
• Avoiding close contact with sick individuals
• Wearing a mask in crowded indoor spaces during flu season

For patients with chronic respiratory conditions, staying up to date on vaccinations (including pneumonia vaccines) can help prevent complications.

Why Choose Arizona Pulmonary Specialists?

• Expert pulmonologists – Specialists with extensive experience in flu-related respiratory care
• Personalized treatment plans – Tailored strategies for flu management and complication prevention
• Access to advanced therapies – Including the latest antiviral treatments and hospital-based care, if needed
• Seamless, coordinated care – Convenient Scottsdale location with hospital affiliations for comprehensive support

Physicians Specializing in Influenza

Our experienced team of pulmonologists, respiratory therapists, and other healthcare providers is dedicated to managing influenza and its complications. We work closely with patients to ensure they receive timely, effective treatment tailored to their specific needs.